![]() ![]() Since the Snowden revelations, it has been known that intelligence agencies monitor, leak, evaluate, and store Internet traffic on a massive scale. To keep the end user’s surfing behavior private, DNS requests should be routed through the VPN. ![]() UDP packets can be seen on their way to the DNS server by any actor who is able to monitor the line. In the worst case, this can be fatal for dissidents and activists.ĭNS requests use the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as the connection protocol. On the one hand, the DNS data is often packaged into profiles and sold on the other hand, government agencies can gain access to the data. Time-stamped in the ISP’s server logs, this provides information about when which user wanted to access which domains. Information that is disclosed on the part of a service operatorĪ DNS query received by the ISP’s DNS server contains the domain name to be resolved in addition to the end user’s undisguised IP address.Information that is tapped on the way to the DNS server.Information that goes to the user’s ISP.So, what happens when a DNS leak occurs, and what information is leaked out? First, we have to distinguish between three cases: ISPs are known for collecting, evaluating, and selling the resulting data. ![]() This is often the DNS server of the Internet service provider (ISP). A DNS leak occurs when a DNS request that should be sent through the VPN reaches a DNS server unprotected. Under certain circumstances, however, individual connections may be routed directly from the user’s device to communication partners on the Internet. VPN services aim to route all outgoing network traffic through the VPN. We’ll therefore limit our article to the occurrence of DNS leaks when using a VPN. The use of proxies, which used to be common, is less common nowadays. Providers of commercial VPN services support this legitimate desire of users against the payment of a fee. After all, the right to privacy and informational self-determination are fundamental human rights. The desire to keep surfing behavior secret does not indicate illegal activities. Both technologies are used to disguise personal identity when using the Internet. Specifically, users are affected who connect to the Internet via a virtual private network (VPN) or who route a proxy. Unlike DNS hijacking and DNS spoofing DNS leaks solely effect users who aim to keep their online behavior private. ![]()
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